Essentials of polymer flooding technique

種類:

電子ブック

責任表示:

Antoine Thomas, SNF

出版情報:

2019

著者名:

Thomas, Antoine  

ISBN:

9781119537618 [1119537614]    
9781119537625 [1119537622]    
9781119537632 [1119537630]    

注記:

Includes bibliographical references and index.
Cover; Title Page; Copyright; Table of Contents; Preface; Abbreviations; About the Author; Introduction; Chapter 1 Why Enhanced Oil Recovery?; 1.1. What Is a Reservoir?; 1.2. Hydrocarbon Recovery Mechanisms; 1.2.1. Anecdote; 1.3. Definitions of IOR and EOR; 1.4. What Controls Oil Recovery?; 1.5. Classification and Description of EOR Processes; 1.5.1. Thermal Processes; 1.5.2. Chemical Processes; 1.5.3. Miscible Processes; 1.6. Why EOR? Cost, Reserve Replacement, and Recovery Factors; References; Chapter 2 Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery Methods; 2.1. Introduction; 2.2. Chemical EOR Methods
2.2.1. Polymer Flooding2.2.2. High-Viscosity Polymer Slugs; 2.2.3. Surfactant-Polymer (SP); 2.2.3.1. Surfactants; 2.2.3.2. Field Cases; 2.2.4. Alkali-Surfactant-Polymer Flooding (ASP); 2.2.4.1. Theory; 2.2.4.2. Laboratory Studies; 2.2.4.3. Economics; 2.2.4.4. Field Cases; 2.2.5. Other Chemical Methods; 2.2.5.1. Gels vs. Polymer Injection; 2.2.5.2. Colloidal Dispersion Gels; 2.2.5.3. Microgels and Nanogels; 2.2.5.4. Relative Permeability Modifiers (RPM); References; Chapter 3 Polymer Flooding; 3.1. Introduction; 3.2. Concept; 3.2.1. Fractional Flow; 3.2.2. Polymer Flooding Applicability
3.2.3. Timing3.3. Envelope of Application; 3.3.1. History; 3.3.2. Reservoir Prescreening; 3.3.2.1. Lithology; 3.3.2.2. Wettability; 3.3.2.3. Current Oil Saturation; 3.3.2.4. Porosity Type; 3.3.2.5. Gas Cap; 3.3.2.6. Aquifer; 3.3.2.7. Salinity/Hardness; 3.3.2.8. Dykstra-Parsons; 3.3.2.9. Clays; 3.3.2.10. Water-cut; 3.3.2.11. Flooding Pattern and Spacing; 3.4. Conclusions; References; Chapter 4 Polymers; 4.1. Introduction; 4.2. Polyacrylamide -- Generalities; 4.2.1. Introduction; 4.2.2. Monomers; 4.2.2.1. Acrylamide; 4.2.2.2. Acrylic Acid; 4.2.2.3. ATBS; 4.2.2.4. N-Vinylpyrrolidone
4.2.3. Polymerization Processes4.2.3.1. Gel Polymerization Process; 4.2.3.2. Inverse Emulsion Polymerization Process; 4.3. Polymer Selection Guidelines; 4.3.1. Generalities; 4.3.1.1. Polymer Form; 4.3.1.2. Polymer Chemistry; 4.3.1.3. Polymer Molecular Weight; 4.3.2. Polymer Selection; 4.3.2.1. Molecular Weight; 4.3.3. Other Polymer Families; 4.3.3.1. Associative Polymers; 4.3.3.2. Thermoresponsive Polymers; 4.4. Polymer Characteristics and Rheology; 4.4.1. Viscosity; 4.4.1.1. Generalities; 4.4.2. Rheology; 4.4.3. Solubility; 4.5. Polymer Stability; 4.5.1. Chemical Degradation; 4.5.1.1. Oxygen
4.5.1.2. Iron4.5.1.3. Protection from Chemical Degradation; 4.5.2. Mechanical Degradation; 4.5.3. Thermal Degradation; 4.5.4. Improving Polymer Stability; 4.6. Laboratory Evaluations; 4.6.1. Solubility and Filterability; 4.6.1.1. Solubility; 4.6.1.2. Filterability; 4.6.2. Viscosity; 4.6.3. Shear Resistance; 4.6.4. Screen Factor; 4.6.5. Long-Term Stability; 4.6.6. Compatibility Tests; 4.6.7. Core Flooding; 4.6.7.1. Generalities; 4.6.7.2. Equipment and Tips for Injection; 4.6.8. Quality Control; 4.6.9. Heath, Safety, and Environment; 4.6.9.1 Product Handling
Online resource; title from digital title page (viewed on April 15, 2019).
Provides an easy-to-read introduction to the area of polymer flooding to improve oil production The production and utilization of oil has transformed our world. However, dwindling reserves are forcing industry to manage resources more efficiently, while searching for alternative fuel sources that are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Polymer flooding is an enhanced oil recovery technique that improves sweep, reduces water production, and improves recovery in geological reservoirs. This book summarizes the key factors associated with polymers and polymer flooding-from the selection of the type of polymer through characterization techniques, to field design and implementation-and discusses the main issues to consider when deploying this technology to improve oil recovery from mature reservoirs. Essentials of Polymer Flooding Technique introduces the area of polymer flooding at a basic level for those new to petroleum production. It describes how polymers are used to improve efficiency of "chemical" floo

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