Why Society is a Complex Matter : Meeting Twenty-first Century Challenges with a New Kind of Science. 1st ed. 2012

種類:

電子ブック

責任表示:

by Philip Ball

出版情報:

Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg : Imprint: Springer, 2012

著者名:

• Ball, Philip.
• SpringerLink (Online service)

ISBN:

9783642290008 [3642290000]    

注記:

Society: a Complex Problem --   On the Road: Predicting traffic --  Every Move You Make: Patterns of crowd movement -- Making Your Mind Up: Norms and decisions --   Broken Windows: The spread and control of crime -- The Social Web: Networks and their failures.-   Spreading It Around: Mobility, disease and epidemics -- After the Crash: Economic and financial systems --   Love Thy Neighbour: How to foster cooperation -- Living Cities: Urban development as a complex system -- The Transformation of War: Modelling modern conflict -- Towards a Living Earth Simulator: The FuturICT Project.
Society is complicated. But this book argues that this does not place it beyond the reach of a science that can help to explain and perhaps even to predict social behaviour. As a system made up of many interacting agents – people, groups, institutions and governments, as well as physical and technological structures such as roads and computer networks – society can be regarded as a complex system. In recent years, scientists have made great progress in understanding how such complex systems operate, ranging from animal populations to earthquakes and weather. These systems show behaviours that cannot be predicted or intuited by focusing on the individual components, but which emerge spontaneously as a consequence of their interactions: they are said to be ‘self-organized’. Attempts to direct or manage such emergent properties generally reveal that ‘top-down’ approaches, which try to dictate a particular outcome, are ineffectual, and that what is needed instead is a ‘bottom-up’ approach that aims to guide self-

ローカル注記:

学内専用E-BOOKS (local access only)