| Cover; Book title; Contents; Preface; 1 The structure of matter; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 The atom; 1.3 The structure of the atom; 1.4 Elements and atomic number; 1.5 Isotopes and mass number; 1.6 Ancient and modern theories; 2 Radioactivity and radiation; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Alpha, beta and gamma radiation; 2.3 The electronvolt; 2.4 The mechanism of radioactive decay; 2.5 Natural radioactive series; 2.6 Induced radioactivity; 2.7 The unit of radioactivity; 2.8 The nuclide chart; 2.9 Interaction of radiation with matter; 2.10 Penetrating powers of nuclear radiations; 3 Radiation units |
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| 3.1 Absorption of energy3.2 Ionization; 3.3 Absorbed dose; 3.4 Equivalent dose; 3.5 Effective dose; 3.6 Submultiples; 3.7 Dose rate; 3.8 Flux; 3.9 Relationship of units; 3.10 International radiation symbols; 4 Biological effects of radiation; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Basic human physiology; 4.3 Cell biology; 4.4 The interaction of radiation with cells; 4.5 Harmful tissue reactions; 4.6 Stochastic effects - cancer induction; 4.7 Stochastic effects - heritable; 4.8 Detriment; 5 Natural and man-made radiation; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Cosmic radiation; 5.3 Radiation from terrestrial sources |
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| 5.4 Naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM)5.5 Radioactivity in the body; 5.6 Summary of doses from natural radiation; 5.7 History of man-made radiation exposure; 5.8 Current sources of man-made radiation; 5.9 Summary of current sources of radiation; 6 The system of radiological protection; 6.1 The role of the ICRP; 6.2 The 2007 recommendations of the ICRP (Publication 103); 6.3 Recommended dose limits; 6.4 Planned exposure situations; 6.5 Emergency exposure situations; 6.6 Existing exposure situations; 7 Radiation detection and measurement; 7.1 General principles |
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| 7.2 Ionization of a gas7.3 Solid-state detectors; 7.4 Photographic effect; 7.5 Activation effect; 7.6 Electrical circuits; 7.7 Maintenance, testing and calibration of radiation monitoring instrumentation; 8 The external radiation hazard; 8.1 Source of the hazard; 8.2 Time; 8.3 Distance; 8.4 Shielding; 8.5 Neutron sources; 8.6 Personal dose control; 8.7 Survey monitoring; 8.8 Personnel monitoring equipment; 8.9 Radiation records; 9 The internal radiation hazard; 9.1 Uncontained radioactivity; 9.2 Routes of entry; 9.3 Dose per unit intake; 9.4 Control of the contamination hazard |
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| 9.5 Radiotoxicity and laboratory classifications9.6 Design of areas for radioactive work; 9.7 Treatment of contaminated personnel; 9.8 Contamination monitoring; 9.9 Personal monitoring; 10 Practical health physics techniques; 10.1 Basic techniques; 10.2 Analysis techniques; 10.3 Leak testing of sealed sources; 11 Radiation protection in the nuclear industry; 11.1 Introduction; 11.2 Fission; 11.3 Reactor systems; 11.4 Refuelling reactors; 11.5 Radiation hazards from reactors; 11.6 Research reactors; 11.7 Fuel storage ponds; 11.8 The nuclear fuel cycle |
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